Recent Publications 

2022

  • Abendschein, B., Edwards, A., & Edwards, C. (2022). Novelty Experience in Prolonged Interaction: A Qualitative Study of Socially-Isolated College Students' In-home Use of a Robot Companion Animal. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 51.
  • Fortunati, L., & Edwards, A. P. (2022). Framing the Psycho-Social and Cultural Aspects of Human-Machine Communication. Human-Machine Communication, 4(1), 1.
  • Richards, R. J., Spence, P. R., & Edwards, C. (2022). Human-Machine Communication Scholarship Trends: An Examination of Research From 2011 to 2021 in Communication Journals. Human-Machine Communication, 4(1), 3.
  • Scherger, J., Espinosa, J., Edwards, A., Edwards, C., Abendschein, B., & Vander Meer, P. (2022). "Do Students Dream of Electric Cats (or Dogs)?: Using Robotics for a Unique Exam Week Activity in the Library". University Libraries Faculty & Staff Publications. 55.
    https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/library_pubs/55

2021

  • Abendschein, B., Edwards, C., Edwards, A. P., Rijhwani, V., & Stahl, J. (2021). Human-Robot
    Teaming Configurations: A Study of Interpersonal Communication Perceptions and Affective Learning in Higher Education. Journal of Communication Pedagogy, 4(1), 12.
  • Abendshein, B., Edwards, C., & Edwards, A. (2021). The influence of agent and message type
    on perceptions of social support in human-machine communication. Communication Research Reports, https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1966405
  • Banks, J., Edwards, A., & Westerman, D. (2021). The space between: Nature and machine heuristics in evaluations of organisms, cyborgs, and robots. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking.
  • Craig, M. C., & Edwards, C. (2021). Feeling for our robot overlords: Perceptions of emotionally            expressive social robots in initial interactions. Communication Studies, 72, 251-265.
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Spence, P. R., Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A., Westerman, D.,
    Guzman, A., & Rodriguez-Hidalgo, C. (2021, March). Building Bridges and Not Walls: Expanding the Human-machine Communication Connections within HRI. In Companion of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (pp. 682-684).
  • Rainear, A. M., Jin, X., Edwards, A., Edwards, C., & Spence, P. R. (2021). A Robot, Meteorologist, and Amateur Forecaster Walk into A Bar: Examining Qualitative Responses to A Weather Forecast Delivered via Social Robot. Communication Studies, 1-17.​
  • Spence, P., Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Rainear, A., & Jin, X. (2021). “They’re always wrong anyway”: exploring differences of credibility, attraction, and behavioral intentions in professional, amateur, and robotic-delivered weather forecasts. Communication Quarterly.

2020

  • Banks, J., & Edwards, A. (2020). A common social distance scale for humans and robots. In 2019 28th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). IEEE.
  • ​Beattie, A. J., Edwards, A., & Edwards, C. (in press). A bot and a smile: Interpersonal impressions of chatbots and humans using emoji in computer-mediated communication. Communication Studies.
  • Craig, M. J., Edwards, C., & Edwards, A. (in press). "But they’re my avatar":
    Examining character attachment to android avatars in Quantic Dream’s Detroit: Become Human. In 2020 15th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (pp. xx). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1145/3371382.3378298​
  • Edwards, A., Edwards, C., & Gambino, A. (2020). The social pragmatics of communication
    with social robots: Effects of robot message design logic in a regulative context. International Journal of Social Robotics. doi: 10.1007/s12369-019-00538-7
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Albrehi, F. & Spence, P. R. (2020). Interpersonal impressions of a social robot versus human in the context of performance evaluations. Communication Education, 10.1080/03634523.2020.1802495
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., & Rijhwani, V. (2020). Rate my robot: The effect of word-Of-mouth (WOM) on perceptions of a social robot’s teaching performance. In 2020 29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). IEEE.
  • Espinosa, J., Scherger, J., Abendschein, B. Edwards, A., & Edwards, C., VanderMeer, P. F. (2020). A Purrfect Partnership: The Library and Robotics Lab Introduce Robot Animals to Ease Student Stress as a Finals Week Event. American Library Association Conference, Chicago (virtual).
  • Fortunati, L., & Edwards, A. (2020). Opening space for theoretical, methodological, and empirical issues in human-machine communication. Human-Machine Communication, 1, 7-18, doi: 10.30658/ hmc.1.1
  • Westerman, D., Edwards, A., Edwards, C., Zhenyang, L., Spence, P. (2020). I-It, I-Thou, I-Robot: The Perceived Humanness of AI in Human-Machine Communication. Communication Studies. DOI: 10.1080/10510974.2020.1749683
  • Westerman, D., Edwards, A., Edwards, C., Spence, P. R. (2020). Social Robots and
    Social Presence: Interpersonally Communicating with Robots. International Journal of Telepresence.
2019
  • Banks, J., Westerman, D., & Edwards, A. (2019, in press). Nature and machine heuristics: Activation and dominance in response to organisms, cyborgs, and machines. In 2019 2nd APA Conference on Technology, Mind, and Society (TMS). APA.
  • Craig, M. J., Edwards, C., Edwards, A. (2019). Video games, morality, and robots: Examining player’s moral decision making in Quantic Dream’s Detroit Become Human Presented at the 69th annual convention of the International Communication Association, Washington, D.C., USA.
  • ​Craig, M. J., Edwards, C., Edwards, A., & Spence, P. R. (2019, March). Impressions of Message Compliance-Gaining Strategies for Considering Robot Rights. In 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (pp. 560-561). IEEE.
  • Edwards, A., Westerman, D., Edwards, C., & Spence, P. R. (2019). Communication 
    is…Transhuman. In A. Tyma and A. Edwards (Eds.) Communication is…Perspectives on theory (pp. 49-66). Cognella.
  • Edwards, C. (2019). Alexa, how do I teach my students about you?”: Meeting the challenges of AI and robotics in the communication classroom. Panel presented at the 105rd Annual Convention of the National Communication Association, Baltimore, ML.
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Kim, J., Spence, P. R., de Graaf, M., Nah, S., & Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. (2019, March). Human-Machine Communication: What Does/Could Communication Science Contribute to HRI?. In 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (pp. 673-674). IEEE.
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Stoll, B., Lin, X., & Massey, N. (2019) Evaluations of an artificial intelligence instructor's voice:  Social identity theory in human-robot interactions. Computers in Human Behavior, 90, 357-362.​
  • Edwards, A., Edwards, C., Westerman, D., & Spence, P. R. (2019). Initial expectations,
    interactions, and beyond with social robots. Computers in Human Behavior, 90, 308-314. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.042
  • ​Luo, Z., Westerman, D., & Banks, J. (2019). Extending the self: Player-avatar relations and presence among US and Chinese gamers. Journal For Virtual Worlds Research, 12(3).
  • Packard, C., Boelk, T., Andres, J., Edwards, C., Edwards, A., & Spence, P. R. (2019, March). The Pratfall Effect and Interpersonal Impressions of a Robot that Forgets and Apologizes. In 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (pp. 524-525). IEEE.
  • Spence, P. R. (2019). Searching for questions, original thoughts, or advancing theory: Human-machine communication. Computers in Human Behavior, 90, 285-287.
  • Spence, P. R., Edwards, A., Edwards, C., & Jin, X. (2019). ‘The bot predicted rain, grab an umbrella’: few perceived differences in communication quality of a weather Twitterbot versus professional and amateur meteorologists. Behaviour & Information Technology, 38(1), 101-109.
  • Spence, P.R., Edwards, A., Edwards, C., Nemer, D., & Lachlan, K. (2019). Rage against the\
    machine: Negative reactions and antisocial interactions with social bots and social robots. In E. Downs (Ed.) The Dark Side of Media and Technology. Peter Lang: New York.
  • Spence, P. R., Edwards, C., Edwards, A., & Lin, X. (2019, March). Testing the Machine Heuristic: Robots and Suspicion in News Broadcasts. In 2019 14th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (pp. 568-569). IEEE.
  • Rainear, A. M., Lachlan, K. A., & Fishlock, J. (2019). Exploring retention and behavioral intentions when using social robotics to communicate a weather risk. Computers in Human Behavior, 90, 372-379.
  • Westerman, D., Cross, A. C., & Lindmark, P. G. (2019). I believe in a thing called bot: Perceptions of the humanness of “chatbots”. Communication Studies, 70(3), 295-312.

2018

  • Beattie, A. J., Edwards, C., & Williams, M. (2018). Telepresence group leaders receive higher ratings of social attractiveness and leadership quality. In HRI’18 Companion: Conference on ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Chicago, IL,   USA. ACM: NYC. doi: 10.1145/3173386.3176952
  • Edwards, A., Edwards, C., Gambino, A., (2018). Preference for rhetorical messages from a social robot in regulatory situations. In Proceedings of Technology, Mind, and Society (TechMindSociety '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, doi: 10.1145/3183654.3183687
  • Edwards, A., Edwards, C., & Spence, P. R. (2018). Life is a Lab: Developing a communication research lab for undergraduate and graduate education. Journal of Communication Pedagogy, 1.  scholarworks.wmich.edu/jcp/vol1/iss1/14/
  • Edwards, A., & Edwards, C. (2018). Human-machine communication in the classroom. In M.L. Houser and A. M. Hosek’s (Eds.) Handbook of instructional communication II (2nd ed.). Routledge: New York.​
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., & Omilion-Hodges, L. (2018). Receiving medical treatment plans from a robot: Evaluations of presence, credibility, and attraction. In HRI’18 Companion: Conference on ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Chicago, IL, USA. ACM: NYC. doi: 10.1145/3173386.3177050 
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Spence, P. R., & Lin, X. (2018). I, teacher: using artificial intelligence (AI) and social robots in communication and instruction. Communication Education, 67(4), 473-480.
  • Edwards, C., Stoll, B., Edwards, A., Spence, P., & Gambino, A. (2018). “I’ll present to the human”: Effects of a robot evaluator on anticipatory public speaking anxiety. In A. Gutzman (Ed.) Human-machine communication: Rethinking communication, technology, and ourselves. Peter Lang.
  • Goble, H., & Edwards, C. (2018). A Robot that Communicates with Vocal Fillers has…Uhhh…Greater Social Presence. Communication Research Reports, 35, 256-260.  
  • Lachlan, K.A., Rainear, A.M., Spence, P.R., Fishlock, J., Vanco, B., & Xu, Z. (2018). Comparing responses to risk messages across traditional and robotic platforms: Source credibility, risk perception, and affective response. In V. Petrova (Ed.), Advances in Engineering Research (Vol. 19). New York: Nova Science.
  • Spence, P. R., Edwards, A., & Edwards, C. (2018). Attitudes, prior interaction, and petitioner credibility predict support for considering the rights of robots. In HRI’18 Companion: Conference on ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, Chicago, IL, USA. ACM: NYC. doi: 10.1145/3173386.3177071

2017

  •  Edwards, A., & Edwards, C. (2017). The machines are coming: Future directions in instructional communication research. Communication Education, 66, 487-488.
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., & Spence, R. (2017). Robotic Communication. The SAGE  Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods (Ed. Mike Allen) pp. 1518-1522.   Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
  • Lin, X., Xu, Z., Rainear, A.M., Rice, R., Spence, P.R., & Lachlan, K.A. (2017). Research in Crises, Data Collection Suggestions and Practices. In S. Elswick (Ed.), Data Collection: Methods, Ethical Issues, and Future Directions (pp. 49-64).  New York: Nova Science Publishing.
  • Edwards, A., Omilion-Hodges, L. M., & Edwards, C. (2017). How do patients in a medical interview perceive a robot versus human physician? Proceedings of the Companion of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 109-110, ACM 978-1-4503-4885-0/01/03 doi: 10.1145/3029798.3038308
  • Stoll, B., & Edwards, C. (2017). Human-computer interaction. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods (Ed. Mike Allen) pp. 672-674. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
  • Richards, R., Coss, C., & Quinn, J. (2017). Exploration of relational factors and the likelihood of a sexual robotic experience. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 97-103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-57738-8_9 

2016

  • Edwards, A., & Harris, C. (2016). To tweet or 'subtweet'?: Impacts of social networking post directness and valence on interpersonal impressions. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 304-310.
  • Edwards, A., Edwards, C., Spence, P. R., Harris, C., & Gambino, A. (2016). Communicating with a robot in the classroom: Differences in perceptions of credibility and behavioral learning between robot as teacher and teacher as robot. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, ​627-634.
  • ​Edwards, C., Beattie, A., Edwards, A., & Spence, P. (2016). Differences in perceptions of communication quality between a Twitterbot and human agent for information seeking and learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 666-671. ​​
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Spence, P. R., & Westerman, D. (2016). Initial interaction expectations with robots: Testing the human-to-human interaction script. Communication Studies. 67, 227-238. doi:10.1080/10510974.2015.1121899 ​               ARTICLE OF THE YEAR
  • Goble, H., Edwards, C., & Beattie, A. (2016). The social presence of twitterbots and racial identity: The impact on credibility and interpersonal attraction. Iowa Communication Journal, 48. 23-35.
  • Lachlan, K. A., Spence, P. R.,  Rainear, A., Fishlock, J., Zhan Xu., & Bryan Vanco. (2016). You're my only hope: An initial exploration of the effectivness of robotic platforms in engendering learning about crises and risk. ​Computers in Human Behavior. 65, 606-611. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.081
  • ​Stoll, B., Edwards, C., & Edwards, A. (2016). “Why, aren’t you a sassy little thing?”: The effects of robot-enacted guilt trips on credibility and consensus in a negotiation. Communication Studies, 67, 530-547.

2015

  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Stoll, B., Massey, N. & Spence, P. (2015). Social identity in human-robot interaction: ​An examination of age group identification on perceptions of social  robots. Presented at the annual meeting  of the International Communication Association, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
  • Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Spence, P. R., & Westerman, D. (2015). Initial interaction expectations with robots: Testing the human-to-human interaction script. Presented at 101st Annual Conference of the National Communication Association, Las Vegas, NV.

2014

  • ​Edwards, C., Edwards, A., Spence, P. R., & Shelton, A. K. (2014). Is that a bot running the social media feed? Testing the differences in perceptions of communication quality for a human agent and a bot agent on Twitter. Computers in Human Behavior, 33, 372-376.
  • ​Lachlan, K. A., Spence, P. R., Edwards, A., Reno, K., & Edwards, C. (2014). If you are quick enough, I will think about it: Information speed and trust in public health organizations. Computers in Human Behavior, 33, 377-380.
  • Spence, P. R., Westerman, D., Edwards, C., & Edwards, A. (2014). Welcoming our robot overlords: Initial expectations about interaction with a robot. Communication Research Reports, 31, 272-280. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2014.924337